Dubai Offices 2026: Rents Up 13%, Occupancy at 94%, and Almost No New Supply — What Tenants and Investors Should Do

In short: Dubai office rents rose 13% year-on-year and prime rents 16%, with occupancy around 94%, according to CBRE's UAE Real Estate Market Review for Q2 2026 (published 29 July 2026). But the "no new supply" story is only half true: Savills' Q3 2026 Dubai office report counts about 20.4 million sq ft of gross leasable space due between 2026 and 2030, with the volume rising sharply from 2028. So tenants are negotiating in a landlord's market that has a visible end date, and buyers are paying 2026 prices for a rent line that may face competition from 2028 onwards. The practical move for a tenant is to buy term and certainty now rather than chase a rate cut; the practical move for a buyer is to underwrite the asset on a rent that is not at its peak.

Key numbers

• Dubai office rents +13% year-on-year; prime rents +16%; occupancy about 94% — CBRE, UAE Real Estate Market Review Q2 2026 (29 July 2026).
• Abu Dhabi office rents up nearly 16%, occupancy about 96% — CBRE, Q2 2026.
• Less than 300,000 sq m of new office space expected across 2026–2027 — CBRE, Q2 2026.
• Average Dubai office rent AED 241 per sq ft, stable quarter-on-quarter; about 20,200 lease transactions in Q3 2026, down 8% on Q2 — Savills, Dubai Office Market in Minutes, Q3 2026 (reported 23 October 2026).
• About 20.4 million sq ft of new office GLA due 2026–2030, rising sharply from 2028; strata-owned schemes are 86% of 2028 supply and 78% of 2029 — Savills, Q3 2026.
• Office sales AED 15.8bn in H1 2026, up almost 200% year-on-year, at AED 2,012 per sq ft (+15%); average rent AED 189 per sq ft (+14%) — Cavendish Maxwell, H1 2026 (Khaleej Times, 6 August 2026).
• Q3 2026 office sale transactions 1,123 (+11.7% quarter-on-quarter) but value down 42% to AED 4.35bn; average secondary price AED 1,930 per sq ft — CRC Property, Q3 2026 (Khaleej Times, 13 October 2026).
• DIFC passed 10,018 active registered companies in H1 2026, with 2,318 new entities and DIFC Square (600,000 sq ft) 100% pre-leased before completion — Dubai Media Office, 28 July 2026.

What the data actually says — and where the providers disagree

The headline is consistent across every research house: Dubai offices are tight. The detail is not consistent, and that matters when you are signing something.

On rent growth, CBRE put Dubai average office rents up 13% year-on-year in Q2 2026 and prime up 16%; a quarter earlier, in its Q1 2026 review (23 April 2026), CBRE had average rents up 14%, prime up 16% and occupancy near 95%. Cavendish Maxwell's H1 2026 numbers show a smaller 14% rent rise to AED 189 per sq ft. Savills, measuring a different basket, reports the market average at AED 241 per sq ft in Q3 2026 and describes it as stable over the quarter.

Those two averages — AED 189 and AED 241 — are not a contradiction. They are different baskets of buildings, measured differently. The useful reading is the direction of the second derivative: growth is still positive year-on-year, but the quarter-on-quarter momentum has flattened. Savills recorded about 20,200 lease transactions in Q3 2026, down 8% on Q2; CRC Property recorded office sale values down 42% quarter-on-quarter in Q3 even as deal count rose 11.7%. Cavendish Maxwell's own commentary in August called it "a moderation in office market momentum."

That is the gap between a market summary and a decision. A 13% annual print tells you what happened. The flat quarter tells you the landlord across the table may be slightly less certain than he sounds.

The supply question: "almost no new supply" is half true

Two numbers are both correct and point in opposite directions.

CBRE's Q2 2026 review expects less than 300,000 sq m of new office space across 2026–2027 combined — against a total Dubai stock that Cavendish Maxwell puts at about 9.46 million sq m. That is a rounding error of new supply.

Savills' Q3 2026 pipeline is 20.4 million sq ft of gross leasable area between 2026 and 2030, with the volume rising sharply from 2028. Cavendish Maxwell's H1 2026 schedule lines up with that shape: 92,300 sq m delivered in H1 2026, around 150,000 sq m more due by the end of 2026, 379,000 sq m in 2027, then 718,000 sq m in 2028.

So the squeeze is real, and it is dated. The tightness is a 2026–2027 phenomenon; 2028 is when the pipeline arrives.

Two caveats before anyone plans around 2028. First, delivery slips: Cavendish Maxwell recorded about 87,000 sq m delivered in 2025, which was under half the projected pipeline for that year. Second, the composition changes the market more than the volume does. Savills expects strata-owned schemes to be 86% of 2028 supply and 78% of 2029 supply, with 2030 dominated by single-owned buildings. Strata supply arrives as hundreds of individually owned units with hundreds of different owners — it adds space without adding the large, contiguous, single-landlord floors that corporate occupiers actually want. If you need 20,000 contiguous square feet in 2028, a strata tower does not solve your problem.

What is driving the demand

This is not speculative. It is licence formation.

DIFC reported 10,018 active registered companies at the end of H1 2026, with 2,318 new entities and 30% organic growth over twelve months (Dubai Media Office, 28 July 2026). Within that: 1,134 regulated financial firms (+16%), 592 wealth and asset management firms, 1,408 family-related entities (+36%) and 1,409 foundations (+67%). Its new DIFC Square, 600,000 sq ft, was fully pre-leased before completion — which is the clearest single statement about this market anyone has published.

Beyond the financial centre, Dubai Chamber of Commerce reported 37,373 new member companies in the first nine months of 2026 (Khaleej Times, 18 October 2026). CBRE identified demand concentrated in DIFC, TECOM and DMCC in Q2 2026. Savills added fintech firms and Chinese businesses to that list for Q3 2026, alongside corporate relocations — including requirements above 30,000 sq ft.

And the occupiers are mostly small. In Savills' Q3 2026 data, 66% of lease deals were under 1,000 sq ft and 40% were under 500 sq ft. The demand curve is dominated by small licence-driven requirements, which is exactly the demand that strata supply can absorb — and exactly the demand that pushes small-floorplate rents hardest.

District rent ranges, Q3 2026

Asking ranges below are from Savills' Dubai Office Market in Minutes, Q3 2026, in AED per sq ft per annum. A range is a range: the low end is older stock, a poor floor or a weak aspect; the top end is fitted, high-floor, Grade A. Note that DMCC licences predominantly sit in JLT towers, and "TECOM" covers Dubai Internet City, Dubai Media City and Knowledge Village.

On growth rather than level, Cavendish Maxwell's H1 2026 data put the steepest rises in Downtown Dubai (17.5%), Al Barsha Heights (17.2%) and DIFC (17.1%). For the district-by-district business case rather than the rent line, the DIFC district guide and JLT, where most DMCC licences sit go deeper, and how to choose a commercial location covers the decision framework.

How to negotiate a renewal in a 94%-occupancy market

At 94% occupancy the landlord holds the leverage on price. He does not hold it on structure. That distinction is the whole negotiation.

Savills' Q3 2026 report is unusually direct about what landlords want: they "remain selective, focusing on stronger covenant tenants and longer lease terms amid market uncertainty." Read that as a price list. Covenant strength and term length are what a landlord will pay for in 2026 — so those are what you sell.

Your legal position, verified

Dubai's tenancy law (Law No. 26 of 2007 as amended by Law No. 33 of 2008) applies to property leased for conducting a business activity, trade or profession — not only to homes. Per the Dubai Land Department's own tenancy guide:

• Article 14: a party wanting to amend the terms of the contract at renewal — including rent — must notify the other party no less than 90 days before expiry, unless both parties have agreed otherwise. A rent increase landed on you 30 days out is not automatically enforceable.
• Decree No. 43 of 2013 caps increases by reference to how far your passing rent sits below the average rental value of similar units: 0% if you are within 10% of the average, then 5%, 10%, 15% and a maximum of 20% as the gap widens past 40%.
• Article 25(2): where a landlord seeks eviction at the end of the term for one of the permitted reasons, he must give 12 months' notice through a Notary Public or registered post.

Note the asymmetry Decree 43 creates in a rising market: if your rent has already been pushed up to market, the legal cap is 0%. Tenants who were overpaying three years ago are the ones protected now.

The renewal checklist

1. Diary 180 days before expiry, not 30. You want your proposal on the table before the landlord's 90-day Article 14 notice arrives, not after.
2. Build the comparable file first. Your district's asking range, the floors currently available in your own building, and the building's approved service charge from the DLD's Mollak portal. Asking rents are not achieved rents; vacant units in your own tower are the strongest evidence you will find.
3. Establish your Decree 43 position before you talk price. If your passing rent is within 10% of the average for comparable units, the lawful increase is zero, and the conversation changes entirely.
4. Sell term, buy certainty. A 3+2 at a modest uplift with a fixed review beats a 1-year at a slightly lower rate when supply does not arrive until 2028. You are buying protection against 2027, which is the tightest year in the pipeline.
5. Fix the review mechanism, never "market rate." A stated percentage, or an index-linked review with a hard cap, is worth more than a headline discount. "Market rate on review" in this cycle is an open cheque.
6. Trade a break option honestly. A tenant break reduces the landlord's covenant value and he will price it into the rent. In a 94% market, a rent cap for the full term is usually worth more to you than a break you are unlikely to exercise.
7. Ask for fit-out capital, not rent. A landlord contribution amortised across the term, with a clawback if you break early, is easier for him to approve than a rent cut that resets his valuation. It also keeps your headline rent — and therefore your Decree 43 baseline — lower.
8. Negotiate the cheque count. This is the concession actually moving: CRC Property found instalment plans were 83% of commercial leases in Q3 2026, up from 73% in Q2, with single annual cheques down to 17%. Monthly or quarterly payments are real cash-flow value and cost the landlord little.
9. Take the expansion right. A right of first refusal on adjacent space costs the landlord nothing today and is worth a great deal to you in 2027.
10. Pin the service charge. Agree who pays it, whether it is capped, and that it tracks the Mollak-approved budget rather than a number the landlord writes himself.
11. Agree the dilapidations position in writing at the start, with a photographic schedule of condition. Exit disputes are where good lease economics get erased.
12. Register the Ejari. Registration via the Dubai REST app or the DLD website is AED 177.75 in total (AED 100 registration, AED 10 knowledge fee, AED 10 innovation fee, AED 55 service partner fee plus AED 2.75 VAT), or AED 220 at a Real Estate Service Trustee Centre. Your trade licence depends on it.

What landlords will concede in 2026: payment terms, fit-out contributions, expansion rights, a longer rent-free handover period inside a longer term, service-charge clarity. What they will not: a material cut to headline rent, an uncapped market review in your favour, or a short term at a long-term price. The industrial side of this negotiation runs on the same logic with different numbers — see the industrial equivalent: renegotiating a warehouse lease.

Lease or buy: the owner-occupier decision

For a business with a stable headcount and spare capital, 2026 is the first year in a decade where buying a floor is an arithmetic question rather than a vanity one. Cavendish Maxwell put the H1 2026 average office sale price at AED 2,012 per sq ft against an average rent of AED 189 per sq ft; CRC Property put the Q3 2026 average secondary selling price at AED 1,930 per sq ft, down 1.2% on the quarter. On those two averages a gross rent-to-price ratio lands somewhere near 9–10% — before service charge, vacancy, management and finance costs, which is to say before most of the costs. Net is materially lower, and the honest version of that calculation lives in where Dubai commercial yields actually sit in 2026.

The decision usually turns on one question that has nothing to do with yield: how confident are you in your headcount five years out? If the answer is "not very," lease, and spend the negotiation on structure. If the answer is "very," buying removes your single largest uncontrolled cost at exactly the point in the cycle when that cost is rising fastest — and that is a defensible reason to buy even if the yield math is unexciting. A Business Bay office floor repositioned to an 8.7% cap rate shows what the investor version of that work looks like, and the 5% VAT question on commercial property covers the tax trap that catches most first-time commercial buyers.

What this means for you

If you are renewing in the next 12 months. Start now and negotiate structure, not rate. Check your Decree 43 of 2013 position first — if your rent is within 10% of comparable units, the lawful increase is zero. Then trade term and covenant strength for a capped review, fit-out capital and instalment payments.

If you are hunting new space. You are competing against a market where 66% of deals are under 1,000 sq ft (Savills, Q3 2026), so small units are the most contested and the most aggressively priced. Widen the search: Al Barsha Heights, DAFZA, Silicon Oasis and Expo City sit at a third to half of DIFC's range, and the real question is whether your clients ever visit your office.

If you are an owner-occupier with capital. Model the purchase against five years of leasing at 10–13% annual escalation, not against today's rent. Include the 4% registration fee, 5% VAT, and the Mollak service charge for that specific building. The case for buying here is cost certainty, not yield.

If you are an investor buying strata offices. You are buying at the top of a rental cycle into a pipeline that is 86% strata in 2028. Underwrite on a flat-to-lower rent from 2028, buy quality and location rather than square footage, and prefer buildings where you can assemble contiguous space — that is what corporate tenants pay a premium for and what strata towers cannot usually offer.

If you already own floors and let them. Your leverage peaks in 2027. Use it to lock long leases with strong covenants now, which is exactly what Savills says institutional landlords are doing, rather than to maximise this year's rent on a one-year term that re-prices into a softer 2028.

The honest risk section

You are transacting at the top of a rental cycle. Dubai office rents have risen for several consecutive years — 23% in 2025 and 14% into H1 2026 on Cavendish Maxwell's numbers, 13% year-on-year on CBRE's Q2 2026 measure. Buying an income asset after that run means you are capitalising a rent that is more likely to flatten than to keep compounding. Savills already describes Q3 2026 rents as stable, and CRC Property recorded secondary office prices down 1.2% in Q3 after a 3.4% fall in Q2.

Supply does arrive. The pipeline is dated, not absent: roughly 379,000 sq m in 2027 and 718,000 sq m in 2028 on Cavendish Maxwell's schedule, inside a 20.4 million sq ft 2026–2030 programme on Savills'. Anyone underwriting perpetual scarcity is underwriting a two-year window.

94% occupancy is a market average, not your building. Averages hide the only number that matters to you: the vacancy in your own tower, on your own floorplate size, at your own quality grade. Savills notes that secondary assets may face longer leasing periods as occupiers become more selective. A B-grade floor in a weak building can sit empty in a 94% market, and that is precisely the asset most often sold to first-time commercial investors on the strength of the city-wide number.

Who this does not suit. A business with volatile headcount should not buy a floor. An investor who needs liquidity within three years should not buy strata office — the resale market is thin and depends on the next buyer's credit conditions. And anyone whose plan requires 2026's rent growth rate to continue for five years should revisit the plan rather than the property.

The macro backdrop is not uniformly positive. Savills' Q3 2026 report cites UAE GDP forecasts of -1.2% for 2026 before 6.3% in 2027, and notes that while Dubai mainland new commercial licences rose from May, cancellations rose sharply in August. Office demand is licence-driven, and licence formation is not a one-way street.

What is still unclear

• No CBRE UAE market review for Q3 2026 was publicly available at the time of writing (4 November 2026). The most recent full CBRE figures here are Q2 2026. Reports of a Q3 2026 CBRE release citing Dubai office rents up 12% and Abu Dhabi up 20% circulated via secondary outlets, but we could not open a primary CBRE source to confirm them, so they are not used above.
• Fit-out costs and rent-free periods are not in any report we could verify. Neither Savills' nor Cavendish Maxwell's published office reports quantify landlord fit-out contributions or typical rent-free months, and the per-sq-ft fit-out figures circulating online come from contractors marketing their own services, not from research houses. Treat any fit-out number you are quoted as a quote, not a benchmark.
• Office service charges have no published market index. The DLD's Mollak portal shows the approved budget for a specific jointly owned building, which is the only figure that governs what you will actually pay. There is no credible city-wide average for offices.
• A widely repeated claim of "35% rent growth in DIFC" could not be attributed to any named research provider. The verified DIFC figures are +17.1% year-on-year in H1 2026 (Cavendish Maxwell) and an asking range of AED 325–750 per sq ft in Q3 2026 (Savills).
• The two supply figures have not been reconciled by their authors. CBRE's "less than 300,000 sq m across 2026–2027" and Cavendish Maxwell's schedule of roughly 529,000 sq m over the same window use different definitions and completion assumptions. Both are published; neither has been restated.
• Strata yields have no published series. Gross ratios can be inferred from average rents and average sale prices, but no provider publishes a net office cap-rate series for Dubai strata stock by district.

FAQ

Are Dubai office rents still rising in late 2026? Year-on-year, yes: CBRE recorded +13% for Dubai average office rents in Q2 2026, and Cavendish Maxwell +14% into H1 2026. Quarter-on-quarter, the picture has flattened — Savills describes the Q3 2026 market average of AED 241 per sq ft as stable, and lease transactions fell 8% on Q2.

How much is office rent in DIFC compared with JLT? Savills' Q3 2026 asking ranges are AED 325–750 per sq ft in DIFC and AED 130–165 per sq ft in JLT. At the extremes, DIFC can cost roughly five times JLT for the same floor area. What you are buying with the difference is the DIFC legal and regulatory regime, not better air conditioning.

Can my landlord raise my office rent by any amount he wants? No. Decree No. 43 of 2013 applies to property leased in Dubai, including premises leased for a business activity, and caps the increase by how far your current rent sits below the average for comparable units: 0% within 10%, then 5%, 10%, 15% and a maximum of 20%. Separately, Article 14 of Law No. 26 of 2007 as amended requires 90 days' notice before expiry to change any term, including rent.

When should I start negotiating my office renewal? About 180 days before expiry. The statutory notice period to change terms is 90 days, so a landlord who intends to raise your rent must tell you by then — and you want your own proposal, comparables and service-charge evidence on the table before that notice arrives rather than after.

Is it better to buy or lease an office in Dubai right now? It depends on headcount stability, not on yield. Buying fixes your largest uncontrolled cost at a point in the cycle when rents are rising fastest, and costs 4% of the contract value in registration (Executive Council Resolution No. 30 of 2013) plus 5% VAT. Leasing keeps flexibility and keeps capital in the business. A volatile headcount argues for leasing almost regardless of the arithmetic.

Will new supply bring Dubai office rents down? Eventually, and unevenly. Savills counts about 20.4 million sq ft of new gross leasable area between 2026 and 2030, rising sharply from 2028, so the relief is a 2028 story rather than a 2027 one. Because 86% of 2028 supply is expected to be strata-owned, small units should feel the competition first, while large contiguous single-landlord floors may stay tight.

Do I need an Ejari for a commercial office lease? Yes — registration is required and your trade licence process depends on it. The DLD lists the total cost as AED 177.75 via the Dubai REST app or the DLD website, or AED 220 at a Real Estate Service Trustee Centre.

Verify before you act

Every figure above carries its provider and period because all of them move. Before you sign a lease, serve a notice, or transfer a purchase price, confirm the current position at source: tenancy law and the rent-increase decree on the Dubai Land Department's own pages, registration and Ejari fees on the DLD e-services pages and Executive Council Resolution No. 30 of 2013, your building's approved service charge on the Mollak portal, and VAT treatment in the Federal Tax Authority's Real Estate VAT Guide. Fees, thresholds and indices are amended without much warning, and a figure that was correct on 4 November 2026 is not a substitute for the live official source on the day you act.

If you are weighing a renewal against a purchase, or testing whether a strata floor stands up once service charge and the 2028 pipeline are in the model, that is a diagnostic worth doing properly before you commit capital. A strategic consultation starts with your numbers — term, headcount, cost of capital and horizon — and works back to whether leasing or owning serves your business, rather than starting with a building. For the wider commercial context, the Dubai office and warehouse guide and the wider UAE commercial trend picture for 2026 are the right next reads.

Sources

1. "UAE Real Estate Market Review Q2 2026" — CBRE Middle East, 28 July 2026 — https://www.cbre.ae/insights/figures/uae-real-estate-market-review-q2-2026 (accessed 4 November 2026) — landing page carries Dubai office rents +13%, prime +16%, occupancy ~94%, Abu Dhabi ~16% and ~96%; the "less than 300,000 sq m across 2026–2027" supply figure sits inside the full report PDF, not on the landing page — confirm before publishing.
2. "UAE office rents surge as residential, hospitality cool: CBRE" — Arab News, 28 July 2026 (independent second source for the CBRE Q2 2026 office figures) — https://www.arabnews.pk/node/2652556/business-economy (accessed 4 November 2026)
3. "UAE Real Estate Market Review Q1 2026" — CBRE Middle East, 22 April 2026 — https://www.cbre.ae/insights/figures/uae-real-estate-market-review-q1-2026 (accessed 4 November 2026) — the Q1 figures quoted (average +14%, prime +16%, occupancy ~95%) are in the report itself; the landing page summarises them qualitatively.
4. "Dubai Office Market Report – Q3 2026" (Savills Dubai Office Market in Minutes series) — Savills, 15 October 2026 — https://www.savills.co.uk/research_articles/229130/395566-0 (accessed 4 November 2026) — confirms the AED 241 per sq ft market average and the ~20,200 lease transactions down 8% quarter-on-quarter; the district asking ranges, the 20.4 million sq ft 2026–2030 pipeline, the 86% / 78% strata shares of 2028 and 2029 supply, the 66% / 40% deal-size split and the UAE GDP forecasts are in the report PDF behind this page — confirm before publishing.
5. "Dubai office sales nearly triple to Dh15.8 billion in H1 2026" — Waheed Abbas, Khaleej Times, 6 August 2026 (Cavendish Maxwell H1 2026 data: AED 15.8bn, AED 2,012 per sq ft, AED 189 per sq ft, 9.46 million sq m stock, and the 2026–2028 completion schedule) — https://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/dubai-office-sales-nearly-triple-to-dh158-billion-in-h1-2026 (accessed 4 November 2026)
6. "Smaller investors return to market as Dubai office sales jump in Q3" — Alyaa Aldhanhani, Khaleej Times, 13 October 2026 (CRC Property Q3 2026 data: 1,123 transactions +11.7%, value down 42% to AED 4.35bn, AED 1,930 per sq ft −1.2%, instalment plans 83% of commercial leases against 73% in Q2) — https://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/smaller-investors-return-to-market-as-dubai-office-sales-jump-in-q3 (accessed 4 November 2026)
7. "DIFC records industry-leading achievements in H1 2026" — Dubai Media Office, 28 July 2026 (10,018 active registered companies, 2,318 new entities, 30% organic growth, 1,134 regulated financial firms, 592 wealth and asset management firms, 1,408 family-related entities, 1,409 foundations, DIFC Square 600,000 sq ft 100% pre-leased) — https://mediaoffice.ae/en/news/2026/july/28-07/difc-records-industry-leading-achievements-in-h1-2026 (accessed 4 November 2026)
8. "37,373 companies join Dubai Chamber of Commerce in first 9 months of 2026" — Hind Aldah, Khaleej Times, 18 October 2026 — https://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/37373-companies-join-dubai-chamber-of-commerce-in-first-9-months-of-2026 (accessed 4 November 2026)
9. Law No. (26) of 2007 Regulating the Relationship Between Landlords and Tenants in the Emirate of Dubai (Article 14 notice period; Article 25(2) eviction notice) — Dubai Legislation, Government of Dubai Legal Affairs Department — https://dlp.dubai.gov.ae/Legislation%20Reference/2007/Law%20No.%20(26)%20of%202007%20Regarding%20regulation%20between%20the%20lessor%20and%20the%20lessee.html (accessed 4 November 2026)
10. Law No. (33) of 2008 Amending Law No. (26) of 2007 — Dubai Legislation, Government of Dubai Legal Affairs Department — https://dlp.dubai.gov.ae/Legislation%20Reference/2009/Law%20No.%20(33)%20of%202008%20Amending%20Law%20No.%20(26)%20of%202007.html (accessed 4 November 2026)
11. Decree No. (43) of 2013 Determining Rent Increase for Real Property in the Emirate of Dubai (the 0% / 5% / 10% / 15% / 20% increase bands) — Dubai Legislation, Government of Dubai Legal Affairs Department — https://dlp.dubai.gov.ae/Legislation%20Reference/2013/Decree%20No.%20(43)%20of%202013%20Determining%20Rent%20Increase%20for%20Real%20Property.html (accessed 4 November 2026)
12. "Rental Increase Decree 43 in Dubai" (PDF) — Dubai Land Department — https://dubailand.gov.ae/media/z2dn3gtr/rental-increase-decree-43-in-dubai.pdf (accessed 4 November 2026)
13. Executive Council Resolution No. (30) of 2013 Concerning the Fees of the Land Department in the Emirate of Dubai (the 4% sale registration fee, AED 250 title deed, AED 10 knowledge and AED 10 innovation fees) — Dubai Legislation, Government of Dubai Legal Affairs Department — https://dlp.dubai.gov.ae/Legislation%20Reference/2013/ECR%2030%20of%202013.html (accessed 4 November 2026)
14. "Register / Renew Ejari Contract" — Dubai Land Department e-Services (AED 177.75 total via the Dubai REST app or the DLD website; AED 220 at a Real Estate Services Trustee Centre) — https://dubailand.gov.ae/en/eservices/register-renew-ejari-contract (accessed 4 November 2026)
15. "Mollak — About Us" — Dubai Land Department, the platform that holds the approved service-charge budget for each jointly owned property — https://mollak.dubailand.gov.ae/publicpages/about-us.html (accessed 4 November 2026)
16. "Service Charge Index Overview" — Dubai Land Department e-Services — https://dubailand.gov.ae/en/eservices/service-charge-index-overview/ (accessed 4 November 2026)
17. "VAT Guides, References & Public Clarifications" — Federal Tax Authority, the official catalogue that publishes the Real Estate VAT Guide (VATGRE1) — https://tax.gov.ae/en/taxes/VAT/guides.references.aspx (accessed 4 November 2026) — the Real Estate VAT Guide’s own document URL could not be opened: URL not verified — confirm before publishing.